锥形运动控制的导弹姿态稳定性分析

针对锥形运动对弹体稳定性的影响,建立了导弹锥形运动控制的非线性数学模型,通过引入复攻角的概念,使难以用解析手段处理的非线性模型转换成可解析的一般模型。根据线性化模型分析了导弹复攻角运动方程,推导了制导控制系统参数的稳定控制域范围,分析了控制系统阻尼回路和控制回路对导弹锥形运动稳定性的影响规律,提出了锥形运动控制的稳定性判定方法。仿真结果进一步验证了该判定方法的可行性和正确性,为导弹锥形运动的制导控制系统设计提供了依据。     

一种改进的多智能体碰撞避免行为

针对目前碰撞避免行为缺乏真实性和通用性的问题,本文提出一种改进的多智能体碰撞避免行为生成方法。通过引入角色参数和个性参数,使得智能体能够根据自身的属性调整避碰行为。改进的多智能体碰撞避免行为把碰撞避免行为与真实人的属性相联系,可以保持智能体前后运动的一致性和平滑性。因此,更符合真实人的碰撞避免行为特性,具有更强的"类人性"和通用性。仿真结果表明,加入了真实人属性的改进方法产生的避碰行为能有效地应用于具有多样化属性的虚拟人群行为仿真、多机器人系统和多智能体领域中。     

尾流温度场对其速度场的影响与加热减阻

本文利用LDV—02型激光测速仪,在循环水槽里测量了加热和非加热流线型细长旋成体尾流的速度分布和湍流度,并把Hama&Peterson的半经验理论(它适用于非加热体的类似尾流)修正为本文的半经验分析,较好地描述了尾流温度场对其速度场的影响,还从测得的尾流速度数据推断出加热对水下运动物体阻力系数的影响。     

最大面积避障矩形问题的解法

建立了在一个含有若干障碍点的矩形母域内求一个最大面积避障矩形问题的数学模型.通过分析避障矩形的几何特性,找到了求解这一含有0-1变量的非线性规划数学模型的一种特殊解法.     

敷设气囊的充水圆柱壳的声辐射

为降低充水圆柱壳受内部点声源激励时的水下辐射噪声，在其外壳上敷设气囊，形成气囊圆柱壳。为指导气囊圆柱壳的设计，将充水裸圆柱壳和充水气囊圆柱壳分别简化为单、双层无限长隔板。比较隔板、气体与水的波阻抗，分析了气体声速与层厚对双层无限长隔板在平面声波入射时低频声辐射的影响机理。分析表明，声速小的气体和适当的气层厚度可以降低双层障板的辐射噪声。采用声无限元法计算了气囊圆柱壳的水下声辐射，结论与对隔板的机理分析吻合。优化设计出的充水CO2气囊圆柱壳的水下辐射声功率与远场辐射声压明显低于充水裸圆柱壳。     

Ricochet quantification using a multiple sensor approach

This study investigates the ricochet behaviour of three different small-arms projectile types using a novel ricochet measuring device.The results can be used to estimate the danger potential of ricochets on shooting ranges.A ricochet is the change of direction and velocity of a projectile after impacting an oblique surface.This impact produces strong vibrations on a rigid plate.During this impact,flexural waves travel radially outwards from the point of impact.These waves are used to determine the properties of the impactor with accelerometers situated on the target surface.With the use of two measurement plates,one can produce a ricochet and detect the velocity at the same time.Accelerometers are suitable for accurate momentum measurements of single impacts.However,depending upon strike velocity and the impact angle,a ricochet can separate in multiple fragments after being deflected.From the operational safety perspective,these fragments need to be detected,as well.The approach of a coupled sensor concept was chosen to solve this problem.Thermographic sensors were additionally used to visualise the heat which is produced after pene-trating a rubber layer pasted in front of the steel target plate.With this approach one was able to detect the position of impact.The investigations showed that the measurement system performance is better with a multiple sensor design,which includes accelerometers for the velocity,impact strength and partly the position measurement,while the thermographic sensor was used for the position measurement and partly the momentum measurement.The investigated ammunition showed plausible fragmentation behaviour,and the results can already be used to estimate the danger potential of different ammunition types.Frangible projectiles fragment to small particles already after being deflected under a small angle.However,Full Metal Jacket projectiles with or without a steel core do not fragment under angles which are less than 5°.The objective of the paper is to demonstrate the possibility of measuring the complex ricochet me-chanics of small projectiles using standard accelerometers with the adequate signal processing approach.This measuring system is supported by an off the shelf thermographic camera.     

【专题】登陆破障装备技术发展应用述评

登陆破障行动是联合登陆战斗中各军兵种破障力量在敌预先设置和临机设置的各种障碍物中开辟通路的行动，也是确保登陆兵突击上陆和向纵深发展进攻的前提和关键。进入21世纪，随着高新技术的不断发展，传统的破障装备和手段已经不能适应新的战场，各种新式障碍相继出现，对登陆部队的破障能力提出更高要求，破障装备体系化、破障手段精确化以及破障过程无人化成为未来破障技术的重要发展方向。本文首先简要介绍了当前世界主流的破障装备和手段，并论述了其局限性，如破障效率低、人员和弹药消耗量大以及容易形成二次障碍等，然后从破障装备体系化、破障手段精确化和破障过程无人能化三个方面对未来破障装备技术发展趋势进行了展望。